Oil burner



Patented Oct. 5, 1926.

Manns EnEV-Ans, or Roscoe, Y, CALIFORNIA.

Applicatonled November 24,11925. iSeiial No. 71,103. Y.

IMy invention isan oilbur-nerfor-installlation ina furnace adapted to vaporize and vgasify oil` and burn the gas.

VAn objectof myinvention is to develop an oil ,burner `which will properly vaporize .and .gasify v*the oil before its injection intothe :burner proper7 and to utilize aspreading-gdevice foritiheflame to force the termed .a suction tube having ,openings atY lthe Yside to draw the air in by suction due Vto Ithe rapid flow 'the ,jet of gas therethrough.

struction of `Aa needle .valve with the adjustingelements ofthe valve and the valve `seat positioned closely adj acent. .one .to thel other, whereby changes of temperature of the needle" valve in 'heating and cooling uwill have very little effect on Vthe adjnst-mentof the valve.

My oil burner structurally comprises a disc-shaped spreading plate positioned at A right anglesto a needle'valve for vdischargingfthegasified oil, thefjet impinging on vthe center of the plate, the plate having the form of anat cone with a central small pro- ',je.ction,jthis projection dividing thegas :and the Haine and with the spreading plate Spreading the flame Ain a circular 7sheuetfthel flame traveling `radially outwardly.

A retort is formed in the 'back of the spreading ,plate and forms a means for heating the oil which is fed thereto by pipes and conveyed therefrom by other pipes 'to the needle valve. These pipes are in the direct path of the spreading flame and thereby the incoming Yoil and the vapors and gas devel- ,oped from the oi-l are heated. A ihood. is .provided over the top `of `the spreading 'plate and a 'backing ldisc surrroundsI the :Bi-rea at te@ beek ai .Spree-2me ra/ta Another= object Vofmy invention is the con- 'thereby-subjecting lsuc-h pipes and the retort ltoa greater temperature.

i The' spreading plate is preferably mountedon an inverted 4AV-s'haped base, thisl base fforming `an air yinlet forthe needle valve jetan'd functioning to spread the flamelat- 7erally atthe base of'the furnace.' y

'The Vwhole burner is :adapted to be mount- -fed ina furnace of suitable character and jmayi be utilized'fin domestic "furnaces Iwithout disturbing much of the general construction -of the `present furnaces.

VMy invention will''be more readily understood 4from? the following description and drawings, in which :f-

lFigure l is a',verti'callongitudinal section `through'my burneronithe line 1-1 offFig.

2 infthevdirectionof the arrows.

EFig. 2'is aback yvicwof-the burner inthe direction ofthe arrow -2 ofFig. "1. Y

Figf is fafvertical transverse section on ithelineB-B of Fig. l, in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 4 is aperspective front 'view ofthe burner, Iindicating pa distant manipulation lfor the needle valve.

EFig. 5 is a perspective detail ofa basel -for1supporting the main ,portions Yof 'the burner. i Y

Fig'. 6,- is :a longitudinal section yof l'the 'needle' valve.

Fig. 7 is a cross section of the needle valve on ythe line 7--7 of Fig. f6. Theconstruction 'ofthe spreading plate or disc is substantially Vas follows, being Iillustrated p articularly in Figs. A1,13 and 4:

This disc isV designated Aby the numeral l andlhasa.flat'baclrV surface 25a coned frontv surface 3 with a slight projection il at the apexof the Icone, the cone being very flat as indicated in Fig.y l.l A series o'f radial vribs extend outwardly from a/position designated vby the numeral 6, slightly spaced radially from the 4projection 4. The ribs extendforwardly at their 4outerends 7 from the main-surface of thecone 3. A retort 8 is formed in the back of the disc, Vthis retort being bulged 'sideways as vindicated by the numeral 9. The oil infeeding pipe 10 extends along the base of the furnace and has a vertical connecting pipe 11 threaded 'intonthe lower part #of "the retort. A vrti 'cal discharge 'pipe 'leads from the upper i outwardly curved flanges 34. The space 33 part of the retort to a horizontal pipe 13, a downow pipe 14, to a T 15, to which is connected my needle valve 16. This latterl will be described in detail hereunder.

, The suction tube 17 shown particularly in Figs. 1 and 4 is substantially tubular with a belled end 18 spaced from the spreading plate 1 by arms 19 and has oppositelateral openings 20 from the forward end and extending backwardly fronithe needle valve. -This suction tube has its forward end positioned very close to the end of the needle valve.

A hood 2l forming nearly a semi-circle, extends over the upper portion of the .spreading plate and forwardly over the pipe 13. This hood preferably is either formed integral with or attached to a backing disc 22, Vwhich is of larger diameter than the.

spreading disc. This backing disc has a central opening 23 surrounding the retort 9 as shown in Fig. 2, and is clamped to the back of the spreading plate and to the pipes 11 and 12 by screws 24. It will be noted that this backing dise has a bulged section 25 to accommodate the pipes 11 and 12 so that the main portion of the disc is positioned closely behind the spreading disc.

The base for supporting the burnerv proper is indicated particularly in Figs. 1, 3, 4 and 5. The base is designated generally by the numeral 26 and is constructed with side walls 27 having flanges 2E at their lower edge,A these walls being spaced apart a considerable distance at the front lower edge of the fianges and are close together at the inner end as indicated by the numeral 29. Thus the base forms a tapering structure, being Widest at the front end of the` furnace and tapering to a back wall 3() which is substantially vertical and triangular in shape. pair of apertures 31 through which bolts may extend engaging in a tri-angular lug 32 projecting outwardly from the coned face of the spreading disc.

The walls of the base are separated at the top as indicated by the numeral 33 and have l aperture 36 through the front wall `30 and may be supported` therein.

My needle valve is constructed substan- This wall is provided with a tially as follows, being illustrated particularly in Figs. 1, 6 and 7.

As above mentioned the 'l' 15 is connected to the downflow pipe 14, the needle valve 16 extending in the furnace from the T. The needle valve comprises a tube 37 shown as screw threaded to the inner end of the 'T and having an internal screw thread 33 adjacent its outer end. A valve seat in the form of a cap 39, having an inner hub 40 screw threaded on the outside is threaded onthe internal threads 38. The cap has a backwardly extending flange 41 slightly spaced as indicated by the numeral 42 from the exterior' of the pipe 37. seat 43 for the needle of the needle valve. The hub 40 has an inwardly extending block V44 with a plurality of radial slots 45 therethrouglnthe block being threaded as indicated at 46 at the inner section.

The needle stem 47 is'threaded in the threads 46 and has areduced end` 48 having the pointed needle 49 on the end thereof to seat against the cone seat 43. ,A T is provided with a diaphragm 50 having an aperture 51 therethrough for the rearward end of the stem and a packing 53 is held in place by a packing nut r54, vthereby making a gas-tight closure fory the end of the needle valve stem.

`The distant control of the needle valve is indicated in lFigs. 1 and 4, utilizingy a sprocket 55 on the needle valve stem, a sprocket wheel 56 positioned where it may be readily accessible and a sprocket chain` 57 between the said wheels. n The sprocket wheel 56 is mounted on a shaft 58, such shaft having a pointer 59 rotatable over an indicator dial 60.

The manner of operation of my burner is `substantially as follows:

It will be understood that the burner may be placedin any suitable type of furnace but the type of mounting above described is particularly adapted for utilization in a do mestic furnace or cooking or heating stove, depending on the size of the burner utilized. ln accordance with thel ordinary practice, the fuel being fed to the burner through the pipe 10 may be controlled by a valve. After the burner is in operation the oil in the pipe r11 and in vthe retort 8 becomes heated and as the retort itself is very hot the oil becomes vaporized and then gasifiec, this being partially accomplished in thepipe 12 and the pipe 13. `The needle valve may be adjusted as above described and controls the flow of oil vapor which after the furnace is in operation is practically in the form of This gas is injected therefore under a considerable pressure directly towards the projection 4 on the spreading disc and through the suction tube17, and has an injector action drawing air through the front end of the base 26 and drawing air radially through This cap has aconed u lil() the side openings of the suction tube 17. As the jet, which by the time it strikes the spreading plate is substantially burning, 1s forced radially in all directions in a thin sheet of flame, this flame is so thin that there issuliicient air to form practically perfect combustion. The flames curl backwardly on account of the hood'21 and are spread sideways at the bottom between the inner end of the base. Some of the flames curlaround the baclrof the spreading disc and of the backing disc. Thus the pipes containing the oil and the oil vapor are subjected to a very high temperature.

The particular feature of my needle valve is positioning the screw threads by which the stem of the valve is threaded in and out so as to open and close the needle in the cone seat close to the said seat as clearly shown in. Fig. 6. By such construction the stem of the valve between the threaded portion and the needle is so short that any expansion or contraction due to changes of temperature are immaterial and therefore the adjustment of the valve does not materially change from that in which it is set; nor when the valve is shut off is there any danger of changes of temperature, injuring the valve seat or opening up the valve. Y It will be obvious that my burner may be considerably changed in general construction and specific details to adapt it for different types of furnaces and possibly for injecting the gas in a different direction from that shown, which is horizontal. lIhese changes will be within the scope of my invention as set forth in the description, drawings and claims.

A cap 62 is secured to flanges 34 on the upper edges of the side walls of the base and has an inner end extending towards the suction tube 17. rIhis cap is adapted to be adjusted longitudinally of the flanges 34 to position the inner edge variable distances from 'A the suction tube 17.

Having described my invention, what I claim is:

1. An oil burner comprising in combination a spreading disc having a conical front surface, a hollow retort formed in the back of the said disc, a back disc secured on the back of the spreading disc, adjacent the rear face of the retort, an oil infeedingv pipe leading into the bottom of the retort from below the bottom of the spreading disc, an outfeeding pipe connected to the upper part of the retort, extending upwardly, then horizontally and then downwardly and being connected to a valve having a nozzle, the nozzle being in axial alinement with the axial center of the spreading disc.

2. An oil burner as claimed in claim 1, having in addition a curved hood extending Vforwardly from the backing disc over part of the horizontal section of the outfeeding pipe.

3. Anoil burner comprising in combinat. An oil burner as claimed in claim 3, in

which the base is formed with a sharp upper closed edge adjacent the spreading disc.

5. An oil burneras claimed in claim 3, in which the base is formed with an upper closed cap between the sides adjacent the valve and with a closed sharp upper edge adjacent the spreading disc.

G. An oil burner comprising in combination a base having upwardly converging side walls, the walls being spaced apart at the front of the burner and tapering towards the rear of the burner, a spreading disc having a conical front surface secured tothe back of the base .and extending upwardly therefrom, the spreading disc having a retort formed in the back thereof, an infeeding pipe extending through the basefand upwardly behind the spreading disc, being connected to the retort, an outfeeding pipe connected to the retort extending upwardly behind the'l spreading plate horizontally and then downwardly, a needle valve extending inwardly towards the spreading through the upper portion of the base, the valve having a nozzle in axial alinement with the center of the spreading disc.

7. An oil burner as claimed in claim 6, in which the side walls have a cap at their upper ends adjacent/the needle valve and joined at their inner ends adjacent the spreading plate with a. sharp closed upper edge.

8. An oil burner as claimed in claim 6, in which the base is vprovided with spaced side walls adjacent the needley valve, with a cap forming` a top closure and a suction tube extends forwardly from the spreading plate towards the needle valve, said tube having lateral openings.

9. An oil burner as claimed in claim 6, having in addition a backing disc secured to the back of the spreading disc, said disc having bulged sections to fit snugly around the oil pipes and a curved hood extending forwardly from the backing disc over the spreading disc.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

,JAMES E. EVANS.

plate, 

